Duchy of Aquitaine

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Duchy of Aquitaine

Duché d'aquitaine

Fief of Francia (660-700, 732-735, 736-741) Western Francia (877-982), and Kingdom of England(1135-1449)

←

841-1449 →

Angevin emblem (twelfth century)

Guide of France in 1154

Capital not indicated

Languages medieval Latin

Old Occitan

Religion christianity

Government feudal government

Duke of Aquitaine

- 860-866 ranulf I of Aquitaine

- 1058-1086 william VIII of Aquitaine

- 1126–1137 william X

- 1137-1204 eleanor of Aquitaine

- 1422-1449 henry IV of Aquitaine

Chronicled era middle Ages

- duke delegated by The Carolingian kings 660

- annexed by Kingdom of France 1453

Today part of France

The Duchy of Aquitaine (Occitan: Duche d'aquitània, French: Duché d'aquitaine, IPA: [dy.ʃe da.ki.tɛn]) was a chronicled fiefdom in western, focal and southern zones of present-day France to the south of the Loire River, in spite of the fact that its degree, and additionally its name, changed extraordinarily through the hundreds of years, on occasion including much of what is currently southwestern France (Gascony) and focal France.

It started in the seventh century as a duchy under Frankish suzerainty, eventually an entertainment of the Roman areas of Aquitania Prima and Seconda. As a duchy, it split up after the triumph of the free Aquitanian duchy of Waifer, happening to turn into a sub-kingdom inside the Carolingian Empire, in the end subsumed in West Francia after the 843 segment of Verdun. It returned as a duchy, and in the High Middle Ages, an extended Aquitaine vowed unwaveringness to the Angevin tradition, who likewise happened to rule in England. Their cases in France set off the Hundred Years' War, in which the kingdom of France rose successful in the 1450s, with numerous consolidated zones coming to be governed specifically by the French lords.

Substance  [hide]

1 History

1.1 Early history

1.2 Carolingian kingdom of Aquitaine

1.3 Angevin Empire

1.4 Hundred Years' War

2 Geography and subdivisions

3 See additionally

4

History

Early history[edit]

Aquitaine after the Battle of Poitiers (734-743)

Gallia Aquitania fell under Visigothic manage in the fifth century. It was prevailed over by the Franks under Clovis I in 507, as an aftereffect of the Battle of Vouillé. Amid the sixth and early seventh century, it was under immediate tenet of Frankish rulers, partitioned between the domains of Childebert II and Guntram in the Treaty of Andelot of 587. Under Chlothar II, Aquitaine was again vital piece of Francia, however after Chlothar's demise in 628, his beneficiary Dagobert I conceded a subkingdom in southern Aquitaine to his more youthful sibling Charibert II. This subkingdom, comprising of Gascony and the southern edge of Aquitaine legitimate, is expectedly known as "Aquitaine" and structures the recorded premise for the later duchy. Charibert fought effectively against the Basques, however after his demise in 632, they revolted once more, in 635 quelled by an armed force sent by Dagobert (who was in the meantime compelled to manage a resistance in Brittany).

The duchy of Aquitaine as a semi autonomous domain inside the Frankish realm created itself amid the second 50% of the seventh century, surely by 700 under Odo the Great. The primary duke is on record under the name of Felix, and as having ruled from around 660. As his successor Lupus, he likely owed devotion to the Frankish kings.[1] Odo succeeded Lupus in 700 and marked a peace bargain with Charles Martel. He incurred on the Moors a squashing thrashing at the Battle of Toulouse in 721. On the other hand, Charles Martel desired the southern domain, crossed the Loire in 731 and plundered much of Aquitaine. Odo captivated the Franks in fight, yet lost and turned out debilitated. Not long after this fight, in 732, the Moors attacked Vasconia and Aquitaine as far north as Poitiers and crushed Odo twice close Bordeaux. Odo saw no choice yet to summon the help of Charles Martel and promise dependability to the Frankish ruler.

Odo was succeeded by his child Hunald, who returned to previous autonomy, so challenging the Frankish lord Charles Martel's power. The Carolingian pioneer assaulted Hunald twice in 735 and 736, yet was not able to completely curb the duke and an armed force set up together by numbers of key Aquitanian towns, e.g. Bourges, Limoges, and so forth. In the long run, Hunald resigned to a religious community, leaving both the kingdom and the proceeding with clash to Waifer, or Guaifer. For a few years Waifer strenuously carried on an unequal battle with the Franks, however his death in 768 denoted the downfall of Aquitaine's relative freedom.

As a successor state to the Roman region of Gallia Aquitania and the Visigothic Kingdom (418–721), Aquitania (Aquitaine) and Languedoc (Toulouse) inherited the Visigothic Law and Roman Law which had consolidated to permit ladies a greater number of rights than their counterparts in different parts of Europe. Especially with the Liber Judiciorum, which was arranged in 642 and 643 and extended in the Code of Recceswinth in 653, ladies could inherit land and title and oversee it autonomously from their spouses or male relations, discard their property in legitimate wills on the off chance that they had no beneficiaries, and ladies could speak to themselves and take the stand court by age 14 and orchestrate their relational unions by age 20.[2] As an outcome, male-inclination primogeniture was the drilled progression law for the respectability.

Carolingian kingdom of Aquitaine[edit]

The self-ruling and troublesome duchy of Aquitaine was prevailed over by the Franks in 769, after an arrangement of rebellions against their suzerainty. Keeping in mind the end goal to evade another show of Aquitain particularism, Charlemagne chose to sort out the area inside his kingdom. In 781, he made his third child, Louis then 3 years old, "ruler of Aquitaine". Aquitaine is therefore alluded to as a kingdom, and not as a duchy, amid the Carolingian period. The new kingdom, subordinated to Francia included Aquitaine fitting, as well as Gothia, Vasconia (Gascony) and the Carolingian belonging in Spain too. In 806, Charlemagne wanted to gap his realm between his children. Louis got Provence and Burgundy as augmentations to his kingdom.

At the point when Louis succeeded Charlemagne as sovereign in 814, he allowed Aquitaine to his child Pepin I, after whose demise in 838 the respectability of Aquitaine picked his child Pepin II of Aquitaine (d. 865) as their ruler. The ruler Louis I, in any case, contradicted this game plan and gave the kingdom to his most youthful child Charles, a while later the sovereign Charles the Bald. Perplexity and clash came about, inevitably falling for Charles; despite the fact that from 845 to 852 Pepin II was in ownership of the kingdom, at Eastertide 848 in Limoges, the magnates and prelates of Aquitaine formally chose Charles as their ruler Later, at Orléans, he was anointed and delegated by Wenilo, diocese supervisor of Sens.[3] In 852, Pepin II was detained by Charles the Bald, who soon subsequently professed his child Charles as the leader of Aquitaine. On the passing of the more youthful Charles in 866, his sibling Louis the Stammerer succeeded to the kingdom, and when, in 877, Louis got to be lord of the Franks, Aquitaine was completely ingested into the Frankish crown.

By an arrangement made in 845 between Charles the Bald and Pepin II, the kingdom had been lessened by the loss of Poitou, Saintonge and Angoumois in the northwest of the district, which had been given to Rainulf I, check of Poitiers. The title of Duke of Aquitaine, effectively restored, was currently borne by Rainulf, in spite of the fact that it was likewise asserted by the checks of Toulouse. The new duchy of Aquitaine, including the three areas said, stayed in the hands of Ramulf's successors, notwithstanding conflict with their Frankish overlords, until 893 when Count Rainulf II was harmed by request of King Charles III, or Charles the Simple. Charles then offered the duchy to William the Pious, check of Auvergne, the organizer of the monastery of Cluny, who was succeeded in 918 by his nephew, Count William II, who passed on in 926.

A progression of dukes took after, one of who

Geography and subdivisions

Additional data: Guyenne, Gascony and Aquitaine

The chronicled duchy of Aquitaine does not compare to the French district now known as Aquitaine; it was further north, including parts of what are presently the areas of Pays de la Loire, Center, Limousin, Poitou-Charentes and Auvergne. Over the span of its presence, the duchy of Aquitaine came to fuse the duchy of Vasconia and the region of Toulouse (containing parts of what are currently the areas of Midi-Pyrénées and Languedoc-Roussillon). Toulouse again got to be disconnected and went to the kingdom of France by 1271. Vasconia (Gascogne) then again remained an indispensable piece of the duchy of Aquitaine and speaks to the heft of the district now known as Aquitaine.

The province of Aquitaine as it remained in the High Middle Ages, then, was bordering the Pyrenees to the south (Navarre, Aragon and Barcelona, previously the Marcha Hispanica) and the region of Toulouse and the kingdom of Burgundy (Arelat to the east. To the north, it verged on Bretagne, Anjou, Blois and Bourbonnais, all of which had gone to the kingdom of France by the thirteenth century.

Aquitania legitimate

Province of Poitou

Province of La Marche

Province of Angoulême

Province of Périgord

Province of Auvergne (went to the illustrious area in 1271)

Province of Velay

Province of Saintonge

Lordship of Déols

Lordship of Issoudun

Viscounty of Limousin

Duchy of Gascogne (Gascony), particular union with Aquitaine since the seventh century (Felix of Aquitaine), semi free amid the ninth and tenth hundreds of years, re-vanquished into Angevine Aquitaine in 1053.

Province of Agenais

Province of Toulouse (semi free from 778, returned to the illustrious area in 1271)

Province of Quercy

Province of Rouergue

Province of Rodez

Province of Gevaudan

Viscounty of Albi

Marquisat of G